Product Description

Coal (SE***8) Coal is a readily combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock normally occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure. It is composed primarily of carbon along with variable quantities of other elements, chiefly sulphur, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Coal, a fossil fuel, is the largest source of energy for the generation of electricity worldwide, as well as one of the largest worldwide sources of carbon dioxide emissions. Gross carbon dioxide emissions from coal usage are slightly more than those from petroleum and about double the amount from natural gas. Coal is extracted from the ground by mining, either underground or in open pits. Coal was first discovered across Pakistan and the rest of South Asia in the ***0s. Sub-bituminous coal is a coal whose properties range from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and is used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It is set to fuel power stations and cement works in Pakistan. Lignite is a low-grade, sulphurous coal that is generally used in modified industrial furnaces to generate heat for boilers, coke oven heaters, brick kilns, etc. Chamalang Coal Chamalang mountain range is situated about ****5 KMs north of Kohlu in tehsil Duki of Balochistan province. The reserves are spread over at an area of 7x*0 KMs. The coal was being explored **0 feet below the surface in the Sorenj and Digari coalfields while the fine quality of coal would be available even from less than *0 feet depth in Chamalang coalfield. Chamalang Coal is an unwashed product coming from a blend of seams whose individual calorific value ranges from ****0 BTU/LB to ****0 BTU/LB. Bituminous coal Bituminous coal or black coal is a relatively soft coal containing a tarlike substance called bitumen. It is of higher quality than lignite coal but of poorer quality than anthracite coal. Bituminous coal is a relatively hard and less sulfurus coal containing a tar-like substance called bitumen and would be burnt largely on domestic fires after being turned into coke fuel. Bituminous coal is usually black, sometimes dark brown, often with well-defined bands of bright and dull material. Bituminous coal seams are stratigraphically identified by the distinctive sequence of bright and dark bands and are classified accordingly as either "dull, bright-banded" or "bright, dull-banded" and so on. Lignite Lignite is brownish-black in color and has a carbon content of around ****5%, a high inherent moisture content sometimes as high as *6%, and an ash content ranging from 6% to *9% compared with 6% to *2% for bituminous coal. Lignite has a high content of volatile matter which makes it easier to convert into gas and liquid petroleum products than higher ranking coals. However, its high moisture content and susceptibility to spontaneous combustion can cause problems in transportation and storage.