Buparvaquone is a second-generation hydroxynaphthoquinone related to parvaquone, with novel features that make it a promising compound for the therapy and prophylaxis of all forms of theileriosis. It has been tested extensively against Theileria annulata, T. parva and T. sergenti,both in laboratory studies and in field trials, and it has undergone a rigorous programme of toxicology and safety studies. Formulated as a solution for intramuscular injection (Butalex, Coopers Animal Health), it offers a safe and convenient alternative to existing antitheilerial products.