Product Description
Hyaluronan (also called hyaluronic acid or hyaluronate or HA) is an
anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely
throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. It is unique
among glycosaminoglycans in that it is nonsulfated, forms in the
plasma membrane instead of the Golgi, and can be very large, with
its molecular weight often reaching the millions.[2 One of the
chief components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronan
contributes significantly to cell proliferation and migration, and
may also be involved in the progression of some malignant
tumors.
Hyaluronan has been used in attempts to treat osteoarthritis of the
knee via injecting it into the joint. It has not been proven,
however, to generate significant benefit and has potentially severe
adverse effects.[7]
Dry, scaly skin (xerosis) such as that caused by atopic dermatitis
(eczema) may be treated with a prescription skin lotion containing
sodium hyaluronate as its active ingredient.[8]
In some cancers, hyaluronan levels correlate well with malignancy
and poor prognosis. Hyaluronan is, thus, often used as a tumor
marker for prostate and breast cancer. It may also be used to
monitor the progression of the disease.[9][*0]
Hyaluronan may also be used postoperatively to induce tissue
healing, notably after cataract surgery.[*1] Current models of
wound healing propose the larger polymers of hyaluronic acid appear
in the early stages of healing to physically make room for white
blood cells, which mediate the immune response.
Hyaluronan has also been used in the synthesis of biological
scaffolds for wound-healing applications. These scaffolds typically
have proteins such as fibronectin attached to the hyaluronan to
facilitate cell migration into the wound. This is particularly
important for individuals with diabetes suffering from chronic
wounds.[*2]
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