Description

Aviation fuel is a specialized type of petroleum-based fuel used to power aircraft. It is generally of a higher quality than fuels used in less critical applications, such as heating or road transport, and often contains additives to reduce the risk of icing or explosion due to high temperature, among other properties

Almost all aviation fuels are derived from crude oil in refineries. Most Russian refineries produce the kerosine type jet fuels for use in aviation turbine engines but only a handful of locations have the complex infrastructure required to create the more specialized grades of aviation gas Aviation turbine fuels are used for powering jet and turbo-prop engined aircraft and are not to be confused with Avgas.

Russian Jet fuel, aviation turbine fuel (ATF), is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. Jet fuel is a mixture of a large number of different hydrocarbons. The range of their sizes (molecular weights or carbon numbers) is restricted by the requirements for the product, for example, the freezing point or smoke point. Kerosene-type jet fuel (including Jet fuel A and Jet A*1) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and *6 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B), between about 5 and *5. Both Jet fuel A and Jet A*1 have a flash point higher than *8 °C (**0 °F), with an autoignition temperature of **0 °C (**0 °F).

Outside former communist areas, there are currently two main grades of turbine fuel in use in civil commercial aviation: Jet A*1 and Jet A, both are kerosine type fuels. There is another grade of jet fuel, Jet B which is a wide cut kerosine (a blend of gasoline and kerosine) but it is rarely used except in very cold climates.